Family Tree of Joey Arnold Oatmeal: August 2014

Sunday, August 24, 2014

Battle of Halidon Hill

Story of a battle that a Hamilton may have been in or something.... and a female Hamilton may have married a Muirhead or Morehead many years after that:

Battle of Halidon Hill

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaThis article includes a list of references or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Pleaseimprove this article by introducing more precise citations where appropriate. (April 2008)Battle of Halidon HillPart of the Second War of Scottish IndependenceDate19 July 1333LocationHalidon Hill, near Berwick-upon-TweedResultDecisive English victoryBelligerents
Kingdom of Scotland
Kingdom of EnglandCommandersSir Archibald Douglas, "Tyneman"†Edward III of EnglandStrength13,0009,000Casualties and lossesexact figure unknown, but very high14[show]

v • d • e

Second War of

Scottish Independence

[show]

v • d • e

Scottish Independence Wars

Battle of Halidon Hill (19 July 1333) was fought during the Second War of Scottish Independence. Scottish forces under Sir Archibald Douglas were heavily defeated on unfavourable terrain while trying to relieve Berwick-upon-Tweed.

Contents [hide]

1 The Disinherited
2 Berwick Under Siege
3 Advance to Bamburgh
4 Prince Returns
5 Halidon Hill
6 Into the Sleet
7 Shock and celebration
8 References
- 8.1 Primary
- 8.2 Secondary

[edit]The Disinherited

Ever since the death of John Comyn at the hands of Robert Bruce and his supporters in 1306 the Wars of Scottish Independencehad also become a civil war. The Treaty of Northampton in 1328 brought to an end over thirty years of intermittent warfare between England and Scotland; but it also left a large and discontented party of Anglo-Scots, men with Balliol and Comyn associations, who had lost lands and property in Scotland. In 1332 under the leadership of Edward Balliol, son and heir of King John Balliol, and Henry Beaumont, 4th Earl of Buchan, these men invaded Scotland with the tacit support of Edward III, defeating the Bruce loyalists at theBattle of Dupplin Moor. Building on this success Balliol was crowned King of Scotland. However, with very limited support in his new realm, he was ambushed at Annan a few months later by supporters of David II, Robert Bruce's son and heir. Balliol fled to England half-dressed. He appealed to King Edward for assistance, having already promised to cede to him all of the counties of south-east Scotland in return. Edward dropped all pretence of neutrality, recognised Balliol as King of Scotland and made ready for war.

[edit]Berwick Under Siege

At the beginning of 1333 the atmosphere on the border was tense. England was openly preparing for war. In Scotland Archibald Douglas, brother of the "Good" Sir James Douglas, and now Guardian of the Realm for the underage David, made arrangements for the defence of Berwick-upon-Tweed. Weapons and supplies were gathered, and the defence of the town was entrusted to Sir Alexander Seton. These preparations were all complete by the time Balliol crossed into Roxburghshire on 10 March. Besides the disinherited lords he was also accompanied by a number of English magnates. The army advanced quickly towards Berwick, which was placed under siege. The deceptions of the previous year had gone. Balliol was acting quite openly in the English interest. The Second War of Independence was underway.

Edward arrived at Berwick in person in May, after leaving Queen Philippa in the safety of Bamburgh Castle on the Northumberland coast. His ally and protege had been at Berwick for some two months, and had been so far unmolested that he had been able to place the town under close siege. Trenches had been dug, the water supply cut and all communication with the hinterland ended. The Guardian's inactivity contrasts sharply with Robert Bruce's swift response to the siege of 1319. Douglas seems to have spent the time gathering a national army, rather than using the troops he already had in diversionary raids.

With the arrival of the English king the attack on Berwick began in earnest. Seton carried out a spirited defence; but by the end of June, under repeated attack by land and sea, his troops were close to exhaustion. He requested and was granted a short truce, but only on the condition that he surrender if not relieved by 11 July. As a guarantee of good faith Seton was required to hand over a number of hostages, which included his son, Thomas. Scotland was now faced with exactly the same situation that England had before Bannockburn: as a matter of national pride Douglas would have to come to the relief of Berwick, just as Edward II had come to the relief of Stirling Castle in 1314. The army the Guardian had spent so much time gathering was now compelled to take to the field, with all initiative lost. Nevertheless, Douglas' force was an impressive representation of the nation's strength and unity, with volunteers coming from all corners of the realm. As with all medieval armies the precise number of troops is difficult to estimate. It is possible, though, that the army was at least as strong as that which had fought at Bannockburn, perhaps even stronger. Douglas now began his belated march to the border.

[edit]Advance to Bamburgh

In an attempt to draw Edward away from Berwick Douglas entered England on 11 July, the last day of Seton's truce. He advanced eastwards to the little port of Tweedmouth, in contestedNorthumberland. Tweedmouth was destroyed in sight of the English army: Edward did not move. A small party of Scots led by Sir William Keith managed with some difficulty to make their way across the ruins of the old bridge to the northern bank of the Tweed. Keith and some of his men were able to force their way through to the town. Douglas chose to consider this as a technical relief and sent messages to Edward calling on him to depart. This was accompanied with the threat that if he failed to do so the Scots army would continue south and devastate England. Again Edward did not move, so Douglas marched south to Bamburgh, perhaps hoping for a repeat of the events that led in former years to the Battle of Myton. Whatever concerns the king had for his queen he knew that Bamburgh was strong and could easily withstand a siege. The Scots, moreover, did not have the time to construct the kind of equipment that would be necessary to take the fortress by assault. For Berwick, on the other hand, time was definitely running out.

[edit]Prince Returns

Edward refused to consider Keith's entry into Berwick as a relief in terms of the agreement of 28 June. As the truce had now expired, and the town had not surrendered, he ordered the hostages to be hanged before the walls, beginning with Thomas Seton. A further two were to be hanged on each subsequent day for as long as the garrison refused to capitulate. Edward's determination had the desired effect. To save the lives of those who remained Seton concluded a fresh truce, promising to surrender if not relieved by Tuesday 20 July. Everything now hinged on a Scots victory in battle. News of this was carried to the Guardian at Bamburgh. Having lost all freedom of action he returned north into the teeth of the wolf.

[edit]Halidon Hill

Monument on Halidon Hill, alongside the A6105 Berwick-Foulden, Berwickshire road. with the date of battle.

Edward and his army took up position on Halidon Hill, a small rise of some 600 ft. two miles to the north-west of Berwick, which gives an excellent view of the town and surrounding countryside. From this vantage point he was able to dominate all of the approaches to the beleaguered port. Any attempt by Douglas to by-pass the hill and march directly on Berwick would have been quickly overwhelmed. Crossing the Tweed to the west of the English position, the Guardian reached the town of Duns on 18 July. On the following day he approached Halidon Hill from the north-west, ready to give battle on ground chosen by his enemy. It was a catastrophic decision. The Book of Pluscarden, a Scots chronicle, describes the scene;

They (the Scots) marched towards the town with great display, in order of battle, and recklessly, stupidly and inadvisedly chose a battle ground at Halidon Hill, where there was a marshy hollow between the two armies, and where a great downward slope, with some precipices, and then again a rise lay in front of the Scots, before they could reach the field wherte the English were posted.

The approach was observed by Henry Beaumont, who would have advised Edward of the tactics that brought victory at Dupplin Moor when the two met at York the previous December. The order of battle now employed mirrored those used at Dupplin, with some variations owing to superior strength. The army was divided into three divisions, comprising infantry, men-at-arms and knights. All made ready to fight on foot in a defensive position. The left was commanded by Balliol; the centre by Edward; and the right by Thomas Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk, and Earl Marshall of England. Standing on the flanks of each division were six supporting wings of archers. The bowmen projected slightly forward in a wedge formation to offer maximum use of supporting crossfire, an arrangement later adopted at Crécy. Edward was required to take no further action: for if Douglas refused to give battle, as caution and good sense demanded, Berwick would fall by default.

Douglas' army was also arranged in three divisions, drawn up in traditional schiltron formation: the Guardian commanded the left;Robert Stewart, the future king, commanded the centre; and John Randolph, 3rd Earl of Moray the right. As Pluscarden says, to engage the English they had to advance downhill, cross a large area of marshy ground, and then climb up the northern slope of Halidon Hill. Although the Scots spearmen had proved their worth against cavalry at Stirling Bridge and Bannockburn, the battles of Dupplin Moor and Falkirk had shown how vulnerable they were to arrow fire. Not only was the ground bad, but it must have been obvious to the Guardian as he looked towards the massed ranks of Edward's archers that this was not going to be a cavalry battle. The prudent course of action would have been to withdraw and wait for a better opportunity to fight; but this would mean the automatic loss of Berwick. The Scots were now to fight possibly the most disadvantageous battle in their history, exceeded only by the even more disastrous Battle of Flodden two centuries later.

[edit]Into the Sleet

No sooner had the Scots entered the marsh at the foot of the hill than the first arrows began to descend. They continued to fall in great clouds as the schiltrons freed themselves from the marshy ground and began the ascent up Halidon Hill. Having lost all momentum they moved slowly upwards, so tightly packed that even the most indifferent archer could scarcely fail to hit his target. The fire was so intense that many turned their faces away as if walking into a storm of sleet. The Lanercost Chronicle reports; ...the Scots who marched in the front were so wounded in the face and blinded by the multitude of English arrows that they could not help themselves, and soon began to turn their faces away from the blows of the arrows and fall.Casualties were heavy, with some of the finest troops falling dead or wounded on the lower reaches of the hill. The survivors crawled upwards, through the arrows and on to the waiting spears.

It was Moray's depleted schiltron that first made contact with the enemy, closing on Balliol's division on the left. The Stewart followed, advancing on King Edward in the centre. Douglas came in their wake. But even before Stewart and Douglas arrived Moray's front ranks were failing in the hand-to-hand fighting with Balliol. With no let up in the arrow fire, the schiltron broke, retreating rapidly downhill. Panic spread from the centre to the left. With English arrow fire directed towards the flanks the Scots bunched in a disorganised mass towards the centre, much as they had done at Dupplin Moor, as if each man was trying to hide from death behind the body of his comrade. Those in the rear began running back towards the marsh, away from the killing ground. Scots honour was saved by the Earl of Ross and his Highlanders, who fought to the death in a gallant rearguard action.

With Ross gone the English knights took to horse, riding off in pursuit of the fugitives. Stewart together with the earls of Moray and Strathern all managed to escape; but few others were as lucky. The battlefield was a grim place; the Guardian lay dead with five other earls. They died in the company of the nameless commons of Scotland, who fell in their thousands. English casualties were light. The following day Berwick surrendered.

[edit]Shock and celebration

News of Halidon sent shock waves across southern Scotland. Edward soon received the fealty of several important landowners in the area. In England the victory, the first for many years, brought a great boost to the morale of the nation. Bannockburn had finally been avenged. The English poet, Laurence Minot, was exultant;

A little fro that foresaid toune (Berwick) Halydon-hill that es the name Thaire was crakked many a crowne Of wild Scottes, and alls of tame; Thaire was thaire banner born all doune.

Other balladeers celebrated the restoration of English national pride;

Scottes out of Berwick and Aberdeen At the Burn of Bannock ye were far too keen. King Edward has avenged it now, and fully too, I ween.

Edward's Victory at Halidon Hill was a more devastating blow to Scotland than his grandfather's at Dunbar. After Dunbar most of the nobles had been captured and lived to fight another day; after Halidon most of the country's natural leaders were dead, and the few who remained were in hiding. Scotland was prostrate. It was said at the time that the English victory had been so complete that it marked the final end of the northern war. Yet a mere five years afterwards the chronicler Adam Murimuth was to write;

And so, men freely declare that the Scotch wars had been brought to their close, that nothing remained of the Scotch nation that was willing or able to defend or govern itself. Yet they were wrong as the sequel showed.

The time that had passed before Murimuth wrote these words had shown Halidon to be a barren victory. For Edward did little to exploit his success; and Scottish resistance, though weak, was never fully extinguished.

[edit]References[edit]Primary

Edward III and his Wars; Extracts from the Chroniclers, ed. and trans. W. J. Ashley, 1887.
Gray, Thomas, Scalicronica, ed. and trans' H. Maxwell, 1913.
The Lanercost Chronicle, ed. and trans. H. Maxwell, 1913.
Minot, Laurence, Poems, ed. J. Rilson, 1825.
Pluscarden, the Book of, ed. F. J. H. Skene, 1880.

[edit]Secondary

Balfour-Melville, E. W. M., Edward III and David II, 1964.
Campbell, T., England, Scotland and the Hundred Years War, in Europe in the late Middle Ages, ed J. Hale et al, 1970.
Hailes, Lord (David Dalrymple), The Annals of Scotland, 1776.
Nicholson, R., The Siege of Berwick in 1333, in the Scottish Historical Review, vol. 40, 1961.
Nicholson, R., Edward III and the Scots, 1965.
Oman, C., The Art of War in the Middle Ages, 1898.
Webster, B., Scotland without a King: 1329-1341, in Medieval Scotland: Crown, Lordship and Community, ed. A. Grant and K. J. Stringer, 1993.
Reid, P., By Fire and Sword: The Rise and Fall of English Supremacy at Arms: 1314-1485, 2007. Note that the armies may have numbered differently than shown above with the English up to 20,000 men, including Balliol's contingent. The Scots, as a mobile raiding army were unlikely to have numbered many more than 7,500 men.

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Battle of Halidon Hill

v • d • e

Second War of

Scottish Independence

[show]

v • d • e

Scottish Independence Wars

Contents [hide]

1 The Disinherited
2 Berwick Under Siege
3 Advance to Bamburgh
4 Prince Returns
5 Halidon Hill
6 Into the Sleet
7 Shock and celebration
8 References
- 8.1 Primary
- 8.2 Secondary

[edit]The Disinherited

[edit]Berwick Under Siege

[edit]Advance to Bamburgh

[edit]Prince Returns

[edit]Halidon Hill

Monument on Halidon Hill, alongside the A6105 Berwick-Foulden, Berwickshire road. with the date of battle.

[edit]Into the Sleet

[edit]Shock and celebration

A little fro that foresaid toune (Berwick) Halydon-hill that es the name Thaire was crakked many a crowne Of wild Scottes, and alls of tame; Thaire was thaire banner born all doune.

Other balladeers celebrated the restoration of English national pride;

Scottes out of Berwick and Aberdeen At the Burn of Bannock ye were far too keen. King Edward has avenged it now, and fully too, I ween.

[edit]References[edit]Primary

Edward III and his Wars; Extracts from the Chroniclers, ed. and trans. W. J. Ashley, 1887.
Gray, Thomas, Scalicronica, ed. and trans' H. Maxwell, 1913.
The Lanercost Chronicle, ed. and trans. H. Maxwell, 1913.
Minot, Laurence, Poems, ed. J. Rilson, 1825.
Pluscarden, the Book of, ed. F. J. H. Skene, 1880.

[edit]Secondary

Balfour-Melville, E. W. M., Edward III and David II, 1964.
Campbell, T., England, Scotland and the Hundred Years War, in Europe in the late Middle Ages, ed J. Hale et al, 1970.
Hailes, Lord (David Dalrymple), The Annals of Scotland, 1776.
Nicholson, R., The Siege of Berwick in 1333, in the Scottish Historical Review, vol. 40, 1961.
Nicholson, R., Edward III and the Scots, 1965.
Oman, C., The Art of War in the Middle Ages, 1898.
Webster, B., Scotland without a King: 1329-1341, in Medieval Scotland: Crown, Lordship and Community, ed. A. Grant and K. J. Stringer, 1993.
Reid, P., By Fire and Sword: The Rise and Fall of English Supremacy at Arms: 1314-1485, 2007. Note that the armies may have numbered differently than shown above with the English up to 20,000 men, including Balliol's contingent. The Scots, as a mobile raiding army were unlikely to have numbered many more than 7,500 men.

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walter fitz gilbert

A story of a man who might be connected or related to the Hamilton family maybe:

walter fitz gilbert

Walter fitz Gilbert of Cadzow

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sir Walter fitz Gilbert of Cadzow, 1st Laird of Cadzow (d. c. 1346) was a Scottish nobleman. The son of Gilbert fitz William of Hameldone, and an unknown wife, possibly Isabelle Randolph. He is the first historically confirmed progenitor of the House of Hamilton, which includes the Dukes of Hamilton, Dukes of Abercorn and Earls of Haddington.

Umfraville or Beaumont?

There is some confusion as to the ancestry of his grandfather William de Hameldone, who could, it has been argued, be descended from the Umfraville family of Northumberland, or the Beaumont Earls of Leicester. Both assertions are based on armorial evidence (both families used Cinquefoils in their arms), and references to various Hamilton place-names in Northumberland and Leicestershire. The Leicester connection is considered more likely as Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester is known to have had a son William.

[edit]Documentary evidence

Walter fitz Gilbert first appears as a witness to a charter of James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland granting land to the monks of Paisley Abbey in 1294, and also later in the year in another granting land to the same establishment by Sir Herbert Maxwell. The other signatories were all minor landowners in Renfrewshire.^{[ 1]} Fitz Gilbert was present at Berwick Castle to sign the Ragman Roll, alongside the majority of other Scots Nobility, at the behest of Edward I of England. He is styled on that document as "Walter fiz Gilbert de Hameldone".^{[ 2]}

The arms of fitz Gilbert are represented on the Bute Mazer, a drinking cup exhibited in the National Museum of Scotland, that been dated to soon after Bannockburn, and was possibly commissioned by him.

[edit]Wars of Scottish Independence

During the risings of William Wallace, and later Robert the Bruce, Walter fitz Gilbert remained loyal to the English party, holding lands in Fife of King Edward.^[3] By 1314 he was constable of Bothwell Castle in South Lanarkshire. Following the defeat of Edward II of England at the Battle of Bannockburn, numerous fleeing English noblemen sought refuge there, including theEarl of Hertford. A detachment of the Scots army, under King Robert's brother Edward Bruce arrived at Bothwell and demanded that the castle and its occupants yield, Fitz Gilbert complied and surrendered the castle and left Hertford and his retinue to their fate.^[4]

[edit]Later life

Joining the Bruce party, Walter fitz Gilbert was granted lands of Dalserf, previously owned by the Comyn faction, and was later rewarded with the barony of Cadzow and Cadzow Castle on the banks of the Clyde. He was a Justice of Lanark in 1321, and was knighted the following year. In 1323 he wa granted the lands of Kinneil, Larbert and Auldcathy in present day West Lothian, and Kirkcowan in Wigtownshire.^[4]

Walter fitz Gilbert was present at the Battle of Halidon Hill in 1333, fighting in the division of the High Steward, (later Robert II of Scotland), but is thought to have escaped the carnage there. There is little else heard of him. He died prior to 1346, when his son David fought at the Battle of Neville's Cross as Laird of Cadzow.^[5]

[edit]Marriage and Issue

Walter fitz Gilbert married Mary Gordon, daughter of Sir Adam Gordon of that Ilk, ancestor of the Earls of Huntly.By her he had two sons:^[4]

David fitz Walter of Cadzow, Ancestor of the Dukes of Hamilton and Dukes of Abercorn
John fitz Walter, Ancestor of the Earls of Haddington and the Hamiltons of Innerwick

Preceded by
New creationBaron of Cadzow
c.1315/1320–c.1346Succeeded by
David fitz Walter [edit]References [edit]Notes

^ Scots Peerage Vol. IV p 340
^ ibidem
^ Scots Peerage Vol. IV p 341
^ ^a ^b ^c ibidem
^ Scots Peerage Vol. IV p 342

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david fitzwalter hamilton

David fitz Walter of Cadzow

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(Redirected from David fitz Walter fitz Gilbert)

Sir David fitz Walter of Cadzow or David fitz Walter fitz Gilbert de Hameldone, 2nd Laird of Cadzow (d. bef. 1378) was a Scottish nobleman.

The son of Walter fitz Gilbert of Cadzow, he succeeded his father as Baron of Cadzow before 1346, when he was captured at the Battle of Neville's Cross. He was considered an important enough captive to be held by William Zouche, Archbishop of York, under special terms that he not be released, except under command of Edward III of England. He is thought to have been knighted prior to the battle.

The next reference to David fitz Walter is in 1361 when he endowed Glasgow Cathedral with a Chaplainry.

In 1368, he received confirmation from the King, David II, of his patrimonial Lands of Cadzow and elsewhere, with the addition of the lands and tenentry of Eddlewood.

David fitz Walter took part in the sittings of the Parliament of Scotland in 1371 and 1373, the latter to confirm John Stewart, Earl of Carrick and his successors as heirs to the throne of Scotland. The charter, at New Register House in Edinburgh, still has his seal appended, with the three cinquefoils for Hamilton, and the inscription,: Sigill David filii Walter.

[edit]Marriage and Issue

The name of David fitz Walter's spouse is not clear, some sources suggest that she was Margaret Leslie. By her he had at least five children:

David Hamilton of Cadzow
John Hamilton of Fingaltoun
Walter Hamilton- ancestor of the Hamiltons of Cambuskeith and Sanquhar
Alan Hamilton of Larbert
unknown daughter- married Simon Roberton of Earnock

Preceded by
Walter fitz GilbertBaron of Cadzow
c. 1346–c. 1378Succeeded by
David Hamilton [edit]References

Balfour Paul, Sir James, The Scots Peerage Vol IV. Edinburgh 1907 [1]
The Peerage.com

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2nd Hamilton Story

2nd Hamilton related story:

cadzow/hamilton

Hamilton, South Lanarkshire

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(Redirected from Cadzow)

Coordinates: 55.77742°N 4.05505°W

HamiltonScottish Gaelic: Hamaltan
Hamilton shown within ScotlandPopulation48,546^[1] (2001 census)OS grid referenceNS712557Council areaSouth LanarkshireLieutenancy areaLanarkshireConstituent countryScotlandSovereign stateUnited KingdomPost townHAMILTONPostcode districtML3Dialling code01698PoliceStrathclydeFireStrathclydeAmbulanceScottishEuropean ParliamentScotlandUK ParliamentLanark and Hamilton EastRutherglen and Hamilton WestScottish ParliamentHamilton SouthHamilton North and BellshillCentral ScotlandList of places: UK • Scotland

Hamilton is a town in South Lanarkshire, in the west-central Lowlands of Scotland. It serves as the main administrative centre of the South Lanarkshire council area. It is the fifth largest town (excluding cities) in Scotland after Paisley, East Kilbride, Livingston and Cumbernauld, and is situated 7 miles (11.3 km) south-east of Glasgow, and 35 miles (56.3 km) south-west of Edinburgh on the south bank of the River Clyde at its confluence with the Avon Water.

Hamilton was the county town of Lanarkshire.

Contents [hide]

1 History
2 Economy
3 Sport
4 Entertainment
5 Education
6 Famous Hamiltonians
7 Geography
8 See also
9 Town twinning
10 References
11 External links
- 11.1 Tourism
- 11.2 Other

[edit]History

The town of Hamilton was originally known as Cadzow (Middle Scots: Cadȝow, the "ȝ" being the letter yogh, pronounced Cadihou), but was re-named in honor of James Hamilton, 1st Lord Hamilton. The Hamilton family constructed many landmark buildings in the area including theMausoleum in Strathclyde Park, which has the longest echo of any building in the world.

Other historic buildings in the area include Hamilton Old Parish Church, a Georgian era building completed in 1734 and the only church to have been built by William Adam. The graveyard of the old parish church contains some Covenanter remains. The former Edwardian Town Hall now houses the library and concert hall. The Townhouse complex underwent a sympathetic modernization in 2002 and opened to the public in summer 2004. The ruins of Cadzow Castle also lie in Chatelherault Country Park, two miles from the town centre.

Hamilton Palace was the largest non-royal residence in the Western world, located in the north-east of the town. A former seat of the Dukes of Hamilton, it was built in 1695, subsequently much enlarged, and demolished in 1921 due to ground subsidence. It is widely acknowledged as having been one of the grandest houses in Scotland, was visited and admired by Queen Victoria, and was written about by Daniel Defoe.

Hamilton is twinned with Châtellerault in France. This connection dates from the 16th century when the title Duc de Châtellerault was conferred on James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran. The Duke's hunting lodge (now in Chatelherault Country Park), a primary school and new railway station are named 'Chatelherault' for this reason.

To the north of the Palace Grounds is the Low Parks Museum, housed in an old inn and recently refurbished. The oldest building in Hamilton, the museum, was a 16th century inn and an old staging post for journeys between Glasgow and Edinburgh. The museum contains extensive exhibits on Hamilton Palace and also on the local Cameronian Scottish Rifles regiment (disbanded in 1968).

[edit]Economy

Service industries and local government are major employers in Hamilton, as are HSBC/First Direct and Philips, the Dutch electronics conglomerate. The town centre has been regenerated over the last decade by creating two new indoor shopping centres (One of them known as the Regent Shopping Centre) and the Palace Grounds Retail Park.

Restaurants and national retail outlets are situated in a redeveloped part of the Palace Grounds that are visible upon entering the town from the M74 motorway. The creation of a circular Town Square (now the site of a Frankie & Bennies restaurant) has resulted in Hamilton receiving numerous town planning awards during the past decade. This development transformed the Hamilton side of Strathclyde Park, which was the original site of the Duke's palace. The area is still under development with the remainder of the indoor town centre due to be finished by early 2009.

Hamilton Townhouse & Library

Hamilton has been a Fairtrade Town since 2005.

[edit]Sport

The area near Hamilton West railway station and Peacock Cross has also changed with the demolition ofHamilton Academical Football Club's original Douglas Park stadium in 1994. A retail park was built on the site with New Douglas Park added behind it in 2001. Hamilton Academical F.C. (the Accies) was formed in 1874 and is one of Scotland's oldest senior clubs. It takes its name from Hamilton Academy, now called Hamilton Grammar School, the oldest school in the town (founded 1588). It is the only professional football team in the UK to originate from a school team and play in the Scottish Premier League, having won the Scottish First Division title during 2007/2008.

The Hamilton Rugby Club can be found at the Leigh Bent sports ground, Leigh Bent Road. They currently play in the Scottish Premier League 2.

Hamilton Park Racecourse is situated alongside the town's Bothwell Road.

Speedway racing was staged in Hamilton between 1947 and 1955. The annual meeting was staged as part of the annual Lanarkshire Show and featured riders from across Scotland. The site of the track was the old ash football pitches of Strathclyde Park – an area now covered by the town square.

There are a number of high quality football, cricket, and rugby pitches in the Palace Grounds area alongside the Mausoleum. Furthermore, part of Strathclyde Park is sited within Hamilton's boundary, providing world class water-sport facilities.

[edit]Entertainment

Hamilton Town House Theatre is a 500 seat venue in the Cadzow Street area of the town. It is the first cultural venue in Scotland to attain the prestigious Quest accreditation. A multiplex Vue Cinema is located in the redeveloped Palace Grounds area close to the Hamilton Palace nightclub.

[edit]Education

There are currently three comprehensive high schools in the town – Hamilton Grammar, John Ogilvie and Holy Cross. Hamilton also has one private school, Hamilton College, next to theHamilton Park racecourse.

Hamilton is a university town with The University of the West of Scotland campus sited on Almada Street.

[edit]Famous Hamiltonians

Charles Alston (Botanist)
Joanna Baillie (Poet) NB Joanna Baillie is from Bothwell, five miles from Hamilton, where a beautiful memorial may be seen in the church grounds.
Matthew Baillie (Scientist)
Jim Bett (Aberdeen & Scotland Footballer)
Jackie Bird (Broadcaster)
Laurie Brett (Eastenders Actress)
Ian Buchanan (Emmy Award Winning Actor)
Jamie Burnett (Snooker-pro)
Alexander Cairncross (Economist)
Brian Connolly (Musician)
Davie Cooper (Rangers & Scotland Footballer)
William Cullen (Physician & Chemist)
Barry Ferguson (Rangers & Scotland Captain)
Mark Gardiner (Video Gamer)
Gay Hamilton (Actress)
Paul Hartley (Celtic & Scotland Footballer)
Robin Jenkins (Novelist)
Jackie Oakes (Blackburn Rovers, Manchester City and Queen of the South F.C. footballer)

Allan Lee (Film Editor)
William Logan (Philanthropist)
Margo McDonald (Politician)
Walter McGowan (World Champion Boxer)
Mark McManus (Actor)
James MacPherson (Actor)
Paul McStay (Celtic & Scotland Footballer)
Arthur Numan (Former Dutch International Footballer, lives in Hamilton)
Phil O'Donnell (Former Motherwell, Celtic & Scotland Footballer)
Helen Orr Gordon (Swimmer)
John Roberton (Physician and controversial social reformer)
John Roberton (Obstetrician and social reformer)
Steven Fletcher (Hibernian FC)
Raymond Robertson (Politician)
Bobby Shearer (Rangers & Scotland Footballer)
Robert Stewart (Boxer, 1939 Scottish Welterweight Champion)
Jock Stein (Former Celtic & Scotland Manager)
Alison Walker (Broadcaster)
Nicol Williamson (Actor, Tony Award Nominee)

[edit]Geography

Chatelherault Hunting Lodge

Hamilton has three railway stations, Hamilton Central, Hamilton West & Chatelerault on the Hamilton Circlerailway line and is 22 minutes from Glasgow.

By road the town is to the west of the M74 motorway, the main southerly link to England which joins the M6 just north of Carlisle.

The main route from Edinburgh is the M8, leaving at junctions 6 or 7.

Areas of Hamilton:

Avongrove
Burnbank
Barncluith
Earnock Estate
Eddlewood
Fairhill
Ferniegair
High Earnock
Hillhouse
Little Earnock
Low Waters
Meikle Earnock
Silvertonhill
Torheads Farm
West Craigs
Whitehill

Hamilton Old Parish Church

Towns and cities near Hamilton:

Glasgow 7 miles
Blantyre (borders the Burnbank,Hillhouse and Whitehill areas)
Bothwell 1 mile
Motherwell 1 mile
Strathaven 7 miles
East Kilbride 5 miles
Rutherglen 6 miles

Edinburgh 35 miles

Carlisle 75 miles

[edit]See also

Udston mining disaster
List of places in South Lanarkshire

Communication links:

Hamilton Circle Railway Line
Glasgow International Airport (25 minutes drive)
Edinburgh International Airport (35 minutes drive)
Glasgow Prestwick Airport (45 minutes drive)

[edit]Town twinning

Châtellerault, France

[edit]References

^ "Scotland's Census Results Online". Retrieved on 2009-05-03..

[edit]External links[edit]Tourism

Visit Scotland: Hamilton
Low Parks Museum and Hamilton Mausoleum
Chatelherault Country Park

[edit]Other

Hamilton Park Racecourse
The Hamilton Advertiser (Newspaper)

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Public Comments (from all member trees)

Duke of Hamilton

Mom, a Morehead or Muirehead may have married a daughter of the Hamiltons. Your father might be related to those Moreheads who are connected to the Hamiltons. A Morehead might have married a female Hamilton in the 1500's or so in Scotland.

Here is a story related to the Hamiltons:

Duke of Hamilton

Duke of Hamilton

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Dukedom of Hamilton is a title in the Peerage of Scotland created in 1643, the holder is the premier peer of Scotland. The title,Hamilton, Scotland, and many places around the world are named for members of this family. The Ducal family's surname is Douglas-Hamilton.[1

Overview

The Duke of Hamilton is, currently, one of the most ennobled men in the United Kingdom holding, in addition to the Dukedom of Hamilton, and the Dukedom of Brandon(cr. 1711 Peerage of Great Britain), thirteen further subsidiary titles of nobility. They are:

Peerage of Scotland[2]

Marquess of Douglas, Marquessate created 1633, united with the Dukedom of Hamilton in 1761
Marquess of Clydesdale, Marquessate cr. 1643, reaffirmed 1698
Earl of Angus, Earldom cr. 1389, united with Dukedom in 1761
Earl of Arran, Earldom cr. 1st 1503, 2nd 1643, 3rd 1660
Earl of Lanark, Earldom cr. 1639, 2nd 1660, reaffirmed from 1st 1698
Lord Abernethy, Lordship of Parliament cr. 1397, united with Dukedom in 1761
Lord Jedburgh Forest, Lordship of Parliament cr.1633, united with Dukedon in 1761
Lord Polmont, Lordship of Parliament cr. 1639, 2nd 1660, reaffirmed from 1st 1698
Lord Machanshire, Lordship of Parliament cr. 1639, 2nd 1660, reaffirmed from 1st 1698
Lord Aven, Lordship of Parliament cr. 1599, reaffirmed, 1643, 1660, 1698

Peerage of England[2]

Earl of Cambridge, Earldom cr. 1643, 2nd 1660, reaffirmed from 1st 1698

Baron Innerdale, cr. 1599, reaffirmed 1643, omitted in 1660, reaffirmed from 1st 1698

Peerage of Great Britain[2

Baron Dutton cr. 1711

Style

The Duke's eldest son and heir uses the courtesy title Marquess of Douglas and Clydesdale. The courtesy title of the eldest son of the Duke's eldest son is Earl of Angusand the courtesy title of the eldest son of the eldest son of the eldest son of the Duke is Lord Abernethy. The Dukedom of Brandon and the Barony of Dutton, are in thePeerage of Great Britain, the Barony of Innerdale is in the Peerage of England. All other titles are in the Peerage of Scotland. Through the Lordship of Abernethy, the Duke of Hamilton (as successor to the Earl of Fife) has the duty of bearing the Crown of Scotland. The Duke of Hamilton is also hereditary Keeper of the Palace of Holyroodhouse, the official royal residence in Scotland, and where he maintains large private quarters.

Multiple dukedoms

The Duke of Hamilton was created Duke of Brandon in 1711, making the present holder one of the five peers to hold more than one dukedom in the British peerages, the others being:

the Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay
the Duke of Buccleuch and Queensbury
the Duke of Argyll, holding one Dukedom of Argyll in the Peerage of Scotland, and another in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
the Duke of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon in addition to a French dukedom, Duke of Aubigny

Historically, several other dukes have held multiple dukedoms, including Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and 1st Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyme andJohn Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll and 1st Duke of Greenwich.

Barony of Cadzow

Gilbert de Hameldun is recorded as witnessing a charter confirming the gift of the church at Cragyn to the Abbey of Paisley in 1271. His ancestry is uncertain but he was probably the son of William de Hamilton (third son of Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester) and Mary of Strathearn. Gilbert de Hameldun married Isabella Randolph, daughter ofThomas Randolph, of Strathdon, Chamberlain of Scotland. His heir was Walter Fitz Gilbert de Hambledon (c.1250–bef.1336). Walter fitz Gilbert was governor of Bothwell Castle for the English crown during First War of Scottish Independence. Following the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314, Walter fitz Gilbert gave refuge to the Earl of Hertford and other escapees, only to deliver them and Bothwell up to Edward Bruce. He then became a Bruce partisan. Sometime between 1315 and 1329, Robert the Bruce knighted him and granted him lands in Renfrewshire, the Lothians and the barony of Cadzow (present day Hamilton in Lanarkshire) including Cadzow Castle. The barony previously belonged toJohn Comyn who was murdered by Robert the Bruce.

The 1st Laird of Cadzow was succeeded by his son David fitz Walter fitz Gilbert (c.1310–1374/1378). He was a supporter of David II and fought at the Battle of Neville's Cross (Battle of Durham) where he was captured along with his king. His son David Hamilton, 3rd Laird of Cadzow (c.1333–c.1392) was the first to establish Hamilton as the family name. David Hamilton's son, John Hamilton (?–bef. 1410) became the 4th baron and was in turn succeeded by his son James Hamilton, 5th Baron of Cadzow (?–bef. 1441).

Lord Hamilton and Earl of Arran

In 1445 the 5th Baron's son and heir James Hamilton was created a Lord of Parliament, and became 1st Lord Hamilton. He married Mary Stewart, daughter of King James II in about 1474. In 1490, their son James Hamilton (c.1475–1529) who was then aged 15, married Elizabeth, the 13-year-old widow of Thomas Hay of Hoprew. But it was later discovered that Thomas Hay was actually still alive and the marriage was annulled. James became a privy counsellor to James IV, and helped to arrange his marriage to Princess Margaret Tudor of England. As a reward he was created Earl of Arran in 1503. The earl's second marriage to Janet Beaton (bef. 1499–1522) produced his heir James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran (1515–1575). The 2nd earl was chosen as Regent of Scotland between 1542 and 1554, and guardian of the young Mary, Queen of Scots. He was created Duc de Châtellerault of France in 1548 for his part in arranging the marriage of Queen Mary to the dauphin Francis, although he forfeited this dukedom when he switched allegiances in 1559.

The 2nd earl was succeeded by his eldest son James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran (1533/1538–1609) who had been proposed as a husband to Elizabeth I of England in 1561. In 1562 he was declared insane, and in 1581 he resigned the Earldom to James Stewart of Bothwellhaugh. In 1586 his resignation was ruled by the Court of Session to be the act of a madman and his honours were restored.

Marquesses and Dukes of Hamilton

The 3rd earl's younger brother John Hamilton (c. 1535–1604) was appointed to administer his brother's estates. He was created Marquess of Hamilton and Lord Aven on 17 April 1599. His son James Hamilton (1589–1625) was created 1st Lord Aberbrothwick in the peerage of Scotland on 5 May 1608. He moved to England with King James VI, and invested into the Somers Isles Company, an offshoot of the Virginia company, buying the shares of Lucy Harrington, Countess of Bedford. The Parish of Hamilton in the Somers Isles (alias Bermuda) is named for him. Upon the death of his uncle in 1609 he became the 4th Earl of Arran and the 5th Lord Hamilton. He was created Earl of Cambridge and Baron of Innerdale in the peerage of England on 16 June 1619. His son James Hamilton (1606–1649) was created Duke of Hamilton, Marquess of Clydesdale, Earl of Arran and Cambridge and Lord Aven and Innerdale 12 April 1643. His son Charles Earl of Arran died young and the duke's titles passed to his brother William Hamilton (1616–1651) who had already been created Earl of Lanark and, Lord Machansyre and Polmont in the peerage of Scotland on 31 March 1639. Upon his death, with no male heirs to claim the titles, the Earldom of Arran became dormant. All of the other titles in the peerages of England and Scotland that had been granted before 1643 became extinct. The dukedom and other titles devolved upon the 1st Duke's eldest surviving daughter Anne (1632–1716), who became duchess of Hamilton in her own right.

The later dukes

The 1st Earl of Selkirk's eldest son James Hamilton (1658–1712) was known as the Earl of Arran until 9 July 1698 when his mother, Anne Hamilton, abdicated her titles of Duchess of Hamilton, Marchioness of Clydesdale, Lady Aven and Innerdale, Countess of Arran and Cambridge, Countess of Lanark and Lady Machansyre and Polmont. He became the 4th Duke of Hamilton, during the lead up to the Acts of Union 1707, the 4th Duke was the leader of the anti-union party . He was created Duke of Brandon and Baron of Dutton in the Peerage of Great Britain on 10 September 1711, and famously killed in duel with Lord Mohun (who also died) in Hyde Park on 15 November 1712.

The 4th Duke's son James Douglas (1703–1743) was succeeded by his son James Douglas-Hamilton (1724–1758) and he by his son James George Douglas-Hamilton (1755–1769) who became the 7th Duke of Hamilton upon his father's death. In 1761 the 7th Duke's distant cousin, the 3rd Marquess of Douglas, died without an heir and the Duke received his titles becoming the 14th Earl of Angus, 4th Lord Abernethy and Jedburgh Forest and 4th Marquess of Douglas. He died without issue and was succeeded by his brother Douglas Hamilton (1756–1799). Douglas Hamilton left no sons and the title passed back to his uncle, the 6th Duke's brother, Archibald Hamilton (1740–1819) who became the 9th Duke of Hamilton. He was succeeded by his son Alexander Hamilton, (1767–1852) and then by his son William Alexander Anthony Archibald Hamilton (1811–1863). The 11th Duke's son William Alexander Louis Stephen Douglas-Hamilton (1845–1895) died without a male heir and the title of 13th Duke of Hamilton passed to his distant cousin Alfred Douglas Douglas-Hamilton (1862–1940) who was descended from the 4th Duke of Hamilton. The 13th duke's son Douglas Douglas-Hamilton (1903–1973) became the 14th Duke of Hamilton and upon his death his son Angus Alan Douglas Douglas-Hamilton (born 1938) succeeded as the 15th Duke.

Feudal Barons of Cadzow (c. 1315)

Walter fitz Gilbert de Hambledon, 1st Baron of Cadzow (c. 1250– bef.1336)
David fitz Walter fitz Gilbert 2nd Baron of Cadzow (c. 1310–1374/1378)
David Hamilton, 3rd Baron of Cadzow (c. 1333–c. 1392)
John Hamilton, 4th Baron of Cadzow (d. bef.1410)
James Hamilton, 5th Baron of Cadzow (d. bef.1441)
James Hamilton, 6th Baron of Cadzow (d. 1479) (created Lord Hamilton in 1445)

Lords Hamilton (1445)

James Hamilton, 1st Lord Hamilton (d. 1479)
James Hamilton, 2nd Lord Hamilton (c.1475–1529) (became Earl of Arran in 1503)

Earls of Arran, Second Creation (1503)

James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran (c. 1475–1529)
James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran (1515–1575) (created Duke of Châtellerault in the Peerage of France, 1548)
James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran (1533/1538–1609)
James Hamilton, 4th Earl of Arran (1589–1625) (became 2nd Marquess of Hamilton in 1604)

Marquesses of Hamilton (1599)

with subsidiary Lord Aven (1591)

John Hamilton, 1st Marquess of Hamilton (c. 1535–1604)
James Hamilton, 2nd Marquess of Hamilton (1589–1625)
James Hamilton, 3rd Marquess of Hamilton (1606–1649) (became Duke of Hamilton and Earl of Arran (Third Creation) in 1643)

Dukes of Hamilton (1643)

James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton (1606–1649)
William Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Hamilton (1616–1651)
Anne Hamilton, 3rd Duchess of Hamilton (c. 1631–1716)
- her husband William Douglas, 1st Earl of Selkirk (1635–1694), was created Duke of Hamilton in his own right for life.
James Douglas-Hamilton, 4th Duke of Hamilton (1658–1712) (his mother resigned the dukedom in his favour after the death of her husband; became Duke of Brandon in 1711)

Dukes of Hamilton and Brandon (1711)

James Douglas-Hamilton, 4th Duke of Hamilton (1658–1712)
James Hamilton, 5th Duke of Hamilton (1703–1743)
James Hamilton, 6th Duke of Hamilton (1724–1758)
James George Hamilton, 7th Duke of Hamilton (1755–1769) became 4th Marquess of Douglas and Earl of Angus in 1761
Douglas Hamilton, 8th Duke of Hamilton (1756–1799)
Archibald Hamilton, 9th Duke of Hamilton (1740–1819)
Alexander Hamilton, 10th Duke of Hamilton (1767–1852)
William Alexander Anthony Archibald Hamilton, 11th Duke of Hamilton (1811–1863)
William Alexander Louis Stephen Douglas-Hamilton, 12th Duke of Hamilton, 8th Earl of Selkirk (1845–1895)
Alfred Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 13th Duke of Hamilton, 9th Earl of Selkirk (1862–1940)
Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 14th Duke of Hamilton (1903–1973)
Angus Alan Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 15th Duke of Hamilton (b. 1938)

The current heir to the title is Alexander Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, Marquess of Douglas and Clydesdale (b. 1978)

See also

Clan Hamilton
Earl of Angus
Earl of Arran
Earl of Selkirk
Lord Abernethy
- Hamilton Palace
- Brodick Castle
- Lennoxlove House
- Holyrood Palace
- Duke of Abercorn
- ^ Burkes
- ^ a b c Scots Peerage Vol IV, pp373-383

- Balfour Paul, Sir James, The Scots Peerage Vol IV. Edinburgh 1907 [1]
- Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th Edition (1999). pp 1742-1748
- Marshall, Dr. Rosalind K. The Days of Duchess Anne-Life in the Household of the Duchess of Hamilton 1656-1716
- Edinburgh 2000

- Hamilton family portraits
- An Online Gotha - Hamilton and Brandon

plj1313

plj1313 originally shared this to Winters Family Tree

doctormom4

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